International, Multicultural and Multilingual Assets Languages - English, French, German, Chinese (Mandarin, Cantonese [Guangdong], Hokkien [Fukien], Teochew [Chauzhou])
International Experience - Singapore (until – 1985), France (1985 – 1992), the Netherlands (1992 – 1995), Austria (1992 – 2000), U.S.A. (2000 – Present).
Research Specialties and Interests Bridging Psychology and Management - International Development Assessment Center (IDAC).
- Cross-cultural communication and negotiation competence in global managers.
- The influence of human and cultural factors in post-merger integration.Best practices in managing joint venture operations.
- The personality profile of an effective team member.
- Do managers adapt their management style to the external environment.
- What are the organizational conditions that facilitate the transfer of tacit knowledge?
Development of Cross-Cultural Communication and Negotiation Training Programs and Assessment Instruments - Sim, C. Q. E. (1996). Effective Intercultural Communication in International Negotiations. A five-module training program.
- Sim, C. Q. E. (1996) Intercultural Communication Competence Sensitivity Training. Video training kit consisting of: (1) Video Clips on Positive and Negative Behaviours (Forms A and B), (2) Videos of Simulated Negotiations (Forms A and B), and (3) Observational Schedule.
- Sim, C. Q. E., & Tanzer, N. K. (1995). Intercultural Negotiation Competence Assessment [INCCA]: Forms A and B. Unpublished test, University of Graz, Austria.
- PhD, Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 1998
- MBA, Thunderbird – The American Graduate School of Int’l Mgmt, Glendale, AZ, U.S.A., 2003
- MA, Psychology, Université Paris X, Paris, France, 1992
- BA, Psychology, Université Paris X, Paris, France, 1991
- Certificate in French, Université de la Sorbonne, Paris, France, 1988
Academic Career - Alliant International University, U.S.A., Assistant Professor, 2002-Present
- Thunderbird - The American Graduate School of International Management, U.S.A., Visiting Assistant Professor, 2000-2002
- University of Graz, Austria, Institute of International Management, Lecturer, 1995-2000
- University of Linz, Austria, Department of Psychology, Assistant,1995-1997
- Tilburg University, the Netherlands, Department of Social Sciences, Researcher, 1992-1995
Courses Taught - International negotiation
- Cross-cultural communication
- International management
- Conflict management
- Organizational behavior
- Organizational development and change
- Organizational theory
Research Publications - Tanzer, N. K., & Sim, C. Q. E. (1999). Adapting Instruments for Multilingual/Multicultural Applications:
A Field Test of the ITC Guidelines. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 15(3), 258-269. - Tanzer, N. K., Sim, C. Q. E., & Marsh, H. W. (1992). Using Personality and Attitude Inventories over Cultures. Theoretical Considerations and Empirical Findings. Bulletin of the International Test Commission, 19(2), 151-172.
- Tanzer, N. K., Sim, C. Q. E., & Lechuga, J. (accepted). Adapting Tests for Multicultural and Multilingual Use. In W.J. Lonner, D.L. Dinnel, S.A. Hayes, & D.N. Sattler, (Eds.), Online Readings in Psychology and Culture [On-line]. Available: www.wwu.edu/~culture.
- Tanzer, N. K., & Sim, C. Q. E. (2000). Austria. Encyclopedia of Psychology. Washington, DC, and New York: American Psychological Association and Oxford University Press.
- Tanzer, N. K., Sim, C. Q. E., & Spielberger, C. D. (1996). Experience and Expression of Anger in a Chinese Society: The Case of Singapore. In C.D. Spielberger & I. Sarason (Eds.), Stress and Emotion (Vol. 16, pp. 51-66). Washington, DC: Francis & Taylor.
- Tanzer, N. K., Gittler, G., & Sim, C. Q. E. (1994). A Cross-Cultural Comparison of a Rasch Calibrated Spatial Ability Test between Austrian and Singaporean Adolescents. In A.M. Bouvy, F.J.R. van de Vijver, P. Boski, & P.G. Schmidt (Eds.), Journeys into Cross-Cultural Psychology (pp. 96-110). Lisse: Swets & Zeitlinger.
- Sim, C. Q. E. (1996). Development and Validation of an Instrument for Assessing Intercultural Communication Competence. International Journal of Psychology, 33(3-4), 84.
- Tanzer, N. K., Ellis, B. B., Zhang, H., Sim, C. Q. E., Broer, M., & Gittler, G. (1997). Cross-Cultural Decentering of Tests Instructions in a Letter Cancellation Test: A Field Test of the ITC Guidelines for Test Adaptations. In S.D. Cromie, D.W. Forest, A.G. Gallagher, M. O´Connell, J. Quigley, H.V. Smith, K.J. Tierney, & T.J. Trimble (Eds.), Fifth European Congress of Psychology. Abstracts (p. 280). Dublin: The Psychological Society of Ireland.
- Broer, M., Tanzer, N. K., Gittler, G., Ellis, B. B., & Sim, C. Q. E. (1997). Cross-Cultural Comparisons of a Rasch-Calibrated Matrices Test: Failure to Replicate the Posited Cognitive Complexity Structure. In S.D. Cromie, D.W. Forest, A.G. Gallagher, M. O´Connell, J. Quigley, H.V. Smith, K.J. Tierney, & T.J. Trimble (Eds.), Fifth European Congress of Psychology. Abstracts (p. 270). Dublin: The Psychological Society of Ireland.
- Gittler, G., Tanzer, N. K., & Sim, C. Q. E. (1996). Raumvorstellungsleistungen Jugendlicher im interkulturellen Vergleich: Singapur-Österreich [A Cross-Cultural Comparison of the Spatial Abilities of Austrian and Singaporean Adolescents]. In M. Jirasko, J. Glück, & B. Rollet (Eds.), Perspektiven psychologischer Forschung in Österreich (pp. 99-102). Vienna, Austria: Wiener Universitätsverlag.
- Tanzer, N. K., & Sim, C. Q. E. (Eds.) (1999). Cultural Diversity and European Integration. Abstracts of the Joint European Conference of the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology (IACCP) and the International Test Commission (ITC) (Research Report No. 1996/1). Graz, Austria: Department of Psychology, University of Graz.
- Tanzer, N. K., & Sim, C. Q. E. (Eds.). (1996). 17th International Conference of the Stress and Anxiety Research Society. Abstracts (Research Report No. 1996/1). Graz, Austria: Department of Psychology, University of Graz.
- Tanzer, N. K., Sim, C. Q. E., & Marsh, H.W. (1997). Where cross-cultural and differential psychology meet: Competence/task-easiness and interest/eagerness as subcomponents of academic self-concept. Research Report No. 1997/1. Graz, Austria: Department of Psychology, University of Graz.
- Tanzer, N. K., & Sim, C. Q. E. (1991). Test anxiety in primary school students: An empirical study in Singapore. Research Report No. 1991/6. Graz, Austria: Department of Psychology, University of Graz.
- Tanzer, N. K., & Sim, C. Q. E. (1991). Self-concept and achievement attributions: A study of Singaporean primary school students. Research Report No. 1991/5. Graz, Austria: Department of Psychology, University of Graz.
Presentations I. Workshops - “Preparing Tests for Traveling: Pitfalls and Remedies in Multicultural/Multilingual Testing,“ together with N.K. Tanzer. Master Tutorial conducted at 2005 SIOP Conference, Los Angeles, California. U.S.A., April, 2005.
• “How to Communicate Effectively in Business Negotiations and Multicultural Teams”, Thunderbird-EMU 2000 Conference on Language, Communication and Global Management, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A., April 2000 II. Symposia - “The Event Management Questionnaire: An Individual-Level Validation Study with International Business Students,” together with N.K. Tanzer. Contribution to Symposium on "Advances in understanding work behaviour across cultures," IACCP 2003 Congress, Budapest, Hungary, July 2003.
- “The Social Axioms Survey: A Validation Study with International Business Students,” together with N.K. Tanzer. Contribution to Symposium on "Social Axioms through Cultural, Cross-Cultural and Multi-Cultural Lenses," IACCP 2003 Congress, Budapest, Hungary, July 2003.
- "Adapting Instruments for Use in Multiple Languages and Cultures: A Review of the ITC Guidelines for Test Adaptations," together with N.K. Tanzer. Contribution to Invited Symposium on "Advances in Psychometrics," 27th International Congress of Psychology, Stockholm, July 2000.
- "Where Cross-Cultural and Differential Psychology Meet: Cognitive and Affective/Motivational Subcomponents of Academic Self-Concept," together with N.K. Tanzer and H.W. Marsh. Contribution to Symposium on "Advances in Self-concept Measurement Across Cultures," Joint IACCP and ITC Conference on Cultural Diversity and European Integration, Graz, Austria, June/July 1999.
- "Modes of Anger Expression: Cross-cultural Idiosyncrasies or Translation Bias?," together with N.K. Tanzer and C.D. Spielberger. Contribution to Symposium on "Experience and Expression of Anger: A Cross-cultural Examination of the STAXI," Joint IACCP and ITC Conference on Cultural Diversity and European Integration, Graz, Austria, June/July 1999.
- "Cross-Cultural Decentering of Test Instructions in a Letter-Cancellation Test: A Field Test of the ITC Guidelines for Test Adaptations," together with Norbert K. Tanzer, Barbara B. Ellis, Houcan Zhang, Markus Broer, and Georg Gittler. Contribution to Invited Symposium on "Advances in Test Translation Methodology," 5th European Congress of Psychology, Dublin, July 1997.
- "Cross-Cultural Comparison of a Rasch-Calibrated Matrices Test: Failure to Replicate the Posited Cognitive Complexity Structure," together with Markus Broer, Norbert K. Tanzer, Georg Gittler, and Barbara B. Ellis. Contribution to Symposium on "Cross-Cultural Testing," 5th European Congress of Psychology, Dublin, July 1997.
- "Development and Validation of an Instrument for the Assessment of Intercultural Communication Competence." Contribution to Thematic Session on "Theoretical and Methodological Advance in Cross-Cultural Assessment" at the XXVI International Congress of Psychology, Montréal, QC, Canada, August, 1996.
- "Experience and Expression of Anger in a Non-Western Society: The Case of Singapore." Contribution to the Symposium on "Measuring the Experience, Expression and Control of Anger," 23rd International Congress of Applied Psychology, Madrid, Spain, July, 1994.
- "Establishing Cross-Cultural Validity of Multidimensional Likert-Type Inventories," together with N.K. Tanzer and H.W. Marsh. Contribution to the Symposium on "Using Tests Across Cultures: Theoretical Issues and Empirical Findings," 23rd International Congress of Applied Psychology, Madrid, Spain, July, 1994.
- "A Cross-Cultural Validation Study of Nonverbal Ability Tests and State-Trait Rating Scales," together with N.K. Tanzer, B. Ellis, G. Gittler, T.K. Lim, and R. Zheng. Contribution to the Symposium on "Using Tests Across Cultures: Theoretical Issues and Empirical Findings," 23rd International Congress of Applied Psychology, Madrid, Spain, 1994.
- "Test Applications over Cultures and Languages: Theoretical Considerations and Empirical Findings," together with N.K. Tanzer. Contribution to the International Test Commission Invited Symposium on "Theoretical and Practical Issues in Using Tests Overseas," 25th International Congress of Psychology, Brussels, July, 1992
- "Self Concept of Singaporean Primary and Secondary School Students," together with N.K. Tanzer. Contribution to the Symposium on "Youth and Child Development in Chinese Societies," 25th International Congress of Psychology, Brussels, Belgium, July, 1992.
III. Papers - “Cultural Bias in the Evaluation of Negotiators: A Three-Nation Study” together with N.K. Tanzer, 8th European Congress of Psychology, Vienna, Austria, July 2003.
- “Assessment of Intercultural Communication and Negotiation Competence”, together with N.K. Tanzer, 8th European Congress of Psychology, Vienna, Austria, July 2003.
- "Development and Validation of a Training Programme on Effective Communication in International Negotiations," together with N.K. Tanzer and Y.H. Poortinga, 24th International Congress of Applied Psychology, San Francisco, August 1998.
- "Use of Simulations in International Negotiation Training," together with N.K. Tanzer and Y. Poortinga. 28th Annual Conference of the International Simulation and Gaming Association (ISAGA 1997), Tilburg, The Netherlands, July 1997.
- "Vorhersagevalidität von Persönlichkeitsmerkmalen für die Trainierbarkeit von Kommunikationskompetenz in interkulturellen Verhandlungssituationen. Eine explorative Studie" [Can personality predict trainability of communication competence in intercultural business negotiations?], 40. Kongreß der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie, Munich, Germany, September, 1996.
- "The Influence of Stereotypes on the Perception of Negotiators," together with N.K. Tanzer and R. DeRidder, 11th General Meeting of the European Association of Experimental Social Psychology (EASP), Gmunden, Austria, July, 1996.
- "Raumvorstellungsleistungen Jugendlicher im interkulturellen Vergleich: Singapur-Österreich" [A cross-cultural comparison of the spatial abilities of Austrian and Singaporean adolescents], together with G. Gittler and N.K. Tanzer, 2. Wissenschaftliche Tagung der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Psychologie, Vienna, May 1995.
- "Influence of Race and Fluency of Language in the Acceptance of Immigrants in France," 23rd International Congress of Applied Psychology, Madrid, Spain, July, 1994.
- "A Cross Cultural Comparison of a Spatial Ability Test between Austrian and Singaporean Students," together with N.K. Tanzer and G. Gittler, 11th International Congress of the International Association of Cross Cultural Psychology (IACCP), Liège, Belgium, July, 1992.
- "Detecting Cultural Bias in Likert Type Scales: A Cross Cultural Comparison of a Self Concept Inventory," together with N.K. Tanzer and H.W. Marsh, 11th International Congress of the International Association of Cross Cultural Psychology (IACCP), Liège, Belgium, July, 1992.
- "The Acculturation Pattern of Indo Chinese in Paris," together with N.K. Tanzer, 11th International Congress of the International Association of Cross Cultural Psychology (IACCP), Liège, Belgium, July, 1992.
- "A Dual Level Analysis of Social Climate of Singaporean School Students and its Relation to Self Esteem and Anxiety," together with N.K. Tanzer, 13th International Conference of STAR, Leuven, Belgium, July, 1992.
- "Test Anxiety in a Non Western Society: The Case of Singapore," together with N.K. Tanzer, 12th International Conference of the Society for Test Anxiety Research (STAR), Budapest, Hungary, July, 1991.
- "Perception and Expression of Anger in a Non Western Society: The Case of Singapore," together with N.K. Tanzer, 12th International Conference of the Society for Test Anxiety Research (STAR), Budapest, Hungary, July, 1991.
- "Self Concept and Achievement Attribution in a Non Western Society: The Case of Singapore," together with N.K. Tanzer, 2nd European Congress, Budapest, Hungary, July, 1991.
Manuscripts under in preparation - Effectiveness of a cross-cultural communication and international negotiation training
- The influence of cultural stereotypes on the perception of negotiators
- Development and validation of the Intercultural Negotiation and Communication Competence Assessment (INCCA) scales, together with Norbert Tanzer
- How international managers manage work-related events.
- Inter-rater reliability in the rating of negotiators, together with Norbert Tanzer
- An overview of intercultural communication competence.
Professional Activities - International Consulting, Training and Teaching Experience
- The Netherlands Institute of International Relations in Clingendael (Dutch UN Peacekeeping Forces).
- Lucent Technologies in Europe.
- FGIworld
- Beijing ID-Foresight Human Resources Development Consulting Company, Beijing, PRC.
- Department of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, PRC.
- Institute of International Management, Universitätslehrgang für Export, and Department of Psychology at University of Graz; University of Linz; and University of Salzburg, Austria.
- Department of Business Administration, University of South Florida (USF), Tampa, U.S.A.
Organization of International Congresses - Co-organizer, Joint IACCP and ITC Conference on Cultural Diversity and European Integration at University of Graz, Austria, July 1999.
- Co-organizer, 17th International Conference of the Stress and Anxiety Research Society (STAR96) at University of Graz, Austria, July 1996.
- Organizing Committee, 11th General Meeting of the European Association of Experimental Social Psychology (EAESP), Gmunden, Austria, July 1996.
Professional and Honorary Memberships - Academy of Management (AOM)
- American Psychological Association (APA)
- Association of International Business (AIB)
- International Association for Applied Psychology (IAAP)
- International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology (IACCP)
- Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP)
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